Storia del pensiero scientifico

Oggetto:

Storia del pensiero scientifico

Oggetto:

History of Scientific Thought

Oggetto:

Anno accademico 2014/2015

Codice dell'attività didattica

LET0657 - 6 cfu

Docente

Charles Wolfe (Titolare del corso)

Corso di studi

laurea magistrale in Filosofia

Anno

1° anno 2° anno

Periodo didattico

Primo semestre

Tipologia

Per la tipologia dell'attività controllare il piano carriera

Crediti/Valenza

SSD dell'attività didattica

M-STO/05 - storia della scienza e delle tecniche

Modalità di erogazione

Tradizionale

Lingua di insegnamento

Inglese

Modalità di frequenza

Facoltativa

Tipologia d'esame

Scritto

Modalità d'esame

Requirements:
Class participation, including sending in by email one question on the weeks reading, by midnight on the day before Thursdays class. This should be a short, precise question on something in the text, ideally with a textual reference. Selected questions will be discussed in class.
One short presentation of an article or book chapter from either the bibliography or something you are researching on your own (please confirm with me): this should be 30 mn long, and will take place during the second hour of class.
One mini-research paper (1500-2000 words), due in class mid-semester
Either an expanded version of the paper or a written examination at the end of semester (you can choose: we confirm the choice a few weeks before end of semester).
The final grade will, with some looseness, be based on these as follows: class participation (15%), oral presentation (25%), first paper (20%) and final paper or examination (40%)

Prerequisiti

Sufficienza conoscenza della lingua inglese per seguire il corso e preparare i testi richiesti con l'assistenza dello staff di supporto.

Oggetto:

Elaborazione di un approccio insieme storico e concettuale alla scienza della prima modernità.

Elaboration of a jointly historical and conceptual approach to early modern science.

Oggetto:

Risultati dell'apprendimento attesi

Italiano
English

Familiarità con una serie di episodi della scienza della prima modernità e con 'appropriazioni' concettuali contemporanee degli episodi stessi.

Familiarity with a series of episodes in early modern science, and with contemporary conceptual ‘appropriations’ of such episodes.

Oggetto:

Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento

Requirements and evaluation

— Class participation, including sending in by email one question on the week’s reading, by midnight on the day before Thursday’s class. This should be a short, precise question on something in the text, ideally with a textual reference. Selected questions will be discussed in class.

— One short presentation of an article or book chapter from either the bibliography or something you are researching on your own (please confirm with me): this should be 30 mn long, and will take place during the second hour of class.

— One mini-research paper (1500-2000 words), due in class mid-semester

— Either an expanded version of the paper or a written examination at the end of semester (you can choose: we confirm the choice a few weeks before end of semester).

The final grade will, with some looseness, be based on these as follows: class participation (15%), oral presentation (25%), first paper (20%) and final paper or examination (40%).

Oggetto:

Attività di supporto

The course will be in English. An Italian staff (teachers and PhD students) will provide assistance in the classroom. During the fourth week Italian students will be assisted by the same staff in the composition of the mid-course paper and there will not be lessons.

Oggetto:

Contenuti

History of Science: Conceptions, methods and problems

This class is conceived as an atelier for the elaboration of a jointly historical and conceptual approach to a series of episodes in early modern science (conceived broadly as extending through the Enlightenment, which is less often seen as a significant episode in the history of science). Our goal is both to discuss and acquire some familiarity with these episodes, and to discuss and become more familiar with contemporary conceptual ‘appropriations’ of such episodes. To pick some examples, it seems very difficult to understand the work of Georges Canguilhem or Lorraine Daston without looking at some of the historical material on which they elaborate their ‘epistemology’; similarly, it seems, if not unavoidable, at least difficult to look at Descartes’ mechanism, William Harvey’s vision of the body, Boyle on air and gas or Lockean empiricism without taking into consideration the contemporary debates they have spawned. Similarly with intellectual formations such as ‘materialism’ and ‘vitalism’, or mechanism and teleology in early modern medicine versus contemporary debates on function (and mechanism) in philosophy of science and philosophy of biology. Without this being a strict procedural norm for each session, readings for each class will combine a ‘primary’ text and a variety of either ‘secondary’ sources or theoretical appropriations, although the final weeks will increasingly depart from the early modern emphasis. In addition to the required readings I will usually indicate some ‘suggested readings’ on the week’s topic. I also welcome suggestions for presentations of other material (e.g. the ‘chemical revolution’, astronomy, optics, Latour and Shapin, and so on). Note that you should not feel daunted by the list of readings: the idea is to extract a few key points from the main texts. Further references may be found in the bibliography.

Oggetto:

Programma

Italiano
English

Il programma, lezione per lezione, è descritto nella sezione in lingua inglese. I testi sono disponibili in condivisione per gli studenti del corso all'indirizzo:

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/ii2e7l8u4aa1v8y/AADIvO75Goi7KsKuhNEmfPaCa?dl=0

Gli studenti che non possano seguire il corso e sostenere l'esame con il prof. Wolfe dovranno successivamente concordare un programma con il docente usuale del corso presso l'Università di Torino (prof. Pasini).

Program

Lesson texts are available to the students of this course here:

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/ii2e7l8u4aa1v8y/AADIvO75Goi7KsKuhNEmfPaCa?dl=0

1. What is the history of science? Internalism, externalism, Marxism and fashionable rejections

Session 1: November 20

Peter Dear, “What is the History of Science the History of? Early Modern Roots of the Ideology of Modern Science,” Isis 96 (2005): 390-406.

Boris Hessen, “The Social and Economic Roots of Newton’s Principia” (1931), in Gideon Freudenthal and Peter McLaughlin, eds., The Social and Economic Roots of the Scientific Revolution (Springer, 2009)

Mario Biagioli, “The Scientific Revolution is Undead.” Configurations 6.2 (1998) 141-148, online at http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/configurations/v006/6.2biagioli.html

Testi consigliati e bibliografia

Oggetto:

Italiano
English

Si veda la bibliografia nella sezione in lingua inglese.

Bibliography

* Some primary sources

Bacon, Francis (1857-1874). The Works of Francis Bacon, eds. J. Spedding, R.L. Ellis and D.D. Heath, 14 vols. London: Longman & Co.

__________(2002). The New Organon, ed. Lisa Jardine, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press

Baglivi, Giorgio (1696/1704). De praxi medica, trans. G. Sewell & J.T. Desaguliers, The Practice of Physick, 2^nd edition. London: A. Bell et al.

Boerhaave, Hermann (1983). Boerhaave’s Orations, trans. & ed. E. Kegel-Brinkgreve & A.M. Luyendijk-Elshout. Leiden: E.J. Brill / Leiden University Press.

Boyle, Robert (1772/1965). The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle,6 vols., ed. T. Birch.London: J. and F. Rivington et al.; reprint, Hildesheim: Georg Olms.

Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1749). Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière. Paris: Imprimerie Royale.

Descartes, René (1984 [1644]). Principles of Philosophy. V.R. Miller and R.P. Miller (trans.), Dordrecht: Reidel.

__________ (1998). The World and Other Writings, trans. & ed. Stephen Gaukroger, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press

Diderot, Denis and D’Alembert, Jean le Rond, eds. (1751-1780/1966). Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des arts et des métiers, 35 vols. Paris: Briasson; reprint, Stuttgart/Bad Cannstatt: Frommann.

Galilei, Galileo (1967). Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems --Ptolemaic & Copernican, trans. Stillman Drake, Berkeley: University of California Press

__________(1957). Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, ed. & trans. Stillman Drake, New York: Doubleday

__________(1997). Galileo on the World Systems — a New Abridged Translation and Guide, Maurice A. Finocchiaro (trans. and ed.), Berkeley: University of California Press

Harvey, William (1990). The Circulation of the Blood, and other Writings, translated by Kenneth J. Franklin, London: J. M. Dent [1649]

La Mettrie, Julien Offray de (1751/1987).Œuvres philosophiques, ed. F. Markovits, 2 vols. Paris: Fayard- “Corpus”.

Locke, John. 1701/1975. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, ed. P. Nidditch. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Newton, Isaac (1953). Newton’s Philosophy of Nature, ed. H. S. Thayer, New York: Hafner (various editions) or:

__________ (2004). Isaac Newton: Philosophical Writings, ed. A. Janiak, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press

Priestley, Joseph (1775). Hartley’s Theory of the Human Mind, on the Principle of the Association of Ideas, with Essays relating to the Subject of it. London: J. Johnson.

Toland, John (1704/1976). Letters to Serena. London: B. Lintot; reprint, New York: Garland.

Vaucanson, Jacques. (1738/1742). An Account of the Mechanism of an Automaton or Image Playing on the German-Flute, with a letter to the Abbé de Fontaine, trad. J. T. Desaguliers. London: T. Parker.

Willis, Thomas (1683). Two Discourses Concerning the Soul of Brutes, Which is That of the Vital and Sensitive [Soul] of Man, a translation of De anima brutorum (1672), Englished by S. Pordage. London: Dring, Harper and Leigh.

* Secondary sources, studies, theoretical works

Peter Alexander, Ideas, Qualities and Corpuscules: Locke and Boyle on the External World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985)

Peter R. Anstey, “Locke, Bacon and Natural History,” Early science and medicine 7:1 (2002)

Peter R. Anstey & John A. Schuster, eds., Science of nature in the seventeenth century: patterns of change in early modern natural philosophy (Dordrecht: Springer, 2005)

Don Bates, ed., Knowledge and the scholarly medical traditions (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).

William Bechtel, Discovering cell mechanisms: the creation of modern cell biology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006)

Jonathan Bennett, Learning from Six Philosophers, 2 vols., (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)

Geoffrey C. Bowker, Memory practices in the sciences (Cambridge, Mass.; MIT, 2005)

Gerd Buchdahl, “History of Science and Criteria of Choice,” in R. Stuewer, ed., Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Science (Minneapolis, 1970)

W.F. Bynum, Science and the Practice of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century, Cambridge History of Medicine (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994)

Alan Chalmers, “The Lack of Excellency of Boyle’s Mechanical Philosophy,” Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci. 24:4 (1993): 541-564

Antonio Clericuzio, Elements, Principles and Corpuscles: A Study of Atomism and Chemistry in the Seventeenth Century (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000)

Kay Codell Carter, The rise of causal concepts of disease: case histories (London: Ashgate, 2003)

I. Bernard Cohen, The Newtonian Revolution (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980)

Andrew Cunningham, “The pen and the sword: recovering the disciplinary identity of physiology and anatomy before 1800, I: Old physiology—the pen,” Stud. Hist. Phil. Biol. & Biomed. Sci. 33 (2002): 631–665

__________“The Pen and the Sword: Recovering the Disciplinary Identity of Physiology and Anatomy Before 1800, II: Old Anatomy—The Sword”. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 34(1) (2003): 51-76

__________ The Anatomist Anatomis'd: An experimental discipline in Enlightenment Europe (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2010).

Andrew Cunningham and R.K. French, eds., The Medical Enlightenment of the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990)

Allen G. Debus, The French Paracelsians: The Chemical Challenge to Medical and Scientific Tradition in Early Modern France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)

Dennis Des Chene, Physiologia. Natural Philosophy in Late Aristotelian and Cartesian Thought (Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2000)

__________Spirits and Clocks: Machine & Organism in Descartes (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001)

Jean-Pierre Dupuy, The Mechanization of the Mind: On the Origins of Cognitive Science, trans. M.B. DeBevoise (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000)

Stanley Finger, Origins of Neuroscience. A History of Explorations into Brain Function (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994)

Christopher Fox, Roy Porter and Robert Wokler, eds., Inventing Human Science. Eighteenth-Century Domains (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995)

Evelyn Fox Keller, Reflections on Gender and Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985)

Alan Gabbey, “The Mechanical Philosophy and its Problems: Mechanical Explanations, Impenetrability and Perpetual Motion,” in J.C. Pitt, ed., Change and Progress in Modern Science (Dordrecht: Reidel, 1985)

__________ “Between Ars and Philosophia Naturalis: Reflections on the Historiography of Early Modern Mechanics.” In J. V. Field and Frank A. J. L. James, eds., Renaissance and Revolution: Humanists, Scholars, Craftsmen, and Natural Philosophers in Early Modern Europe, 133–145 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993)

__________. “What was 'Mechanical' about 'The Mechanical Philosophy'?'” In Carla Rita Palmerino and J. M. M. H. Thijssen, eds. The Reception of the Galilean Science of Motion in Seventeenth-Century Europe, pp. 11-24. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2004)

Daniel Garber, “Descartes, Mechanics, and the Mechanical Philosophy.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 36 (2002): 185-204

Stephen Gaukroger, Francis Bacon and the Transformation of Early-Modern Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)

__________, The Emergence of a Scientific Culture. Science and the Shaping of Modernity, 1210-1685 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)

Stephen Gaukroger, John A. Schuster, & John Sutton, eds., Descartes’ Natural Philosophy (London:Routledge, 2000)

Yves Gingras et Alexandre Guay, "The Uses of Analogies in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Science," Perspectives on Science 19:2 (2011): 154-191

Edward Grant, History of natural philosophy: from the ancient world to the nineteenth century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007)

Marjorie Grene, David Depew. The philosophy of biology : an episodic history (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2004)

Fernand Hallyn & Lyndia Roveda, La Rhétorique des Textes Scientifiques au XVIIe Siècle (Turnhout, Brepols, special issue of Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences, 2005, vol. 55, no. 154) :

Peter DEAR, L’intelligibilité dans les sciences; Peter MACHAMER, The Rhetoric of Seventeenth Century Mechanisms; Emmannuel BURY, Les lieux de l’argumentation dans les discours médicaux du XVII siècle; Stéphane VAN DAMME, Culture rhétorique et culture scientifique: crise ou mutation de la poétique des savoirs dans la Compagnie de Jésus en France (1630-1730); Giovanni BAFETTI, Around Galileo: Describing Science in the Seventeenth Century; Frédéric TINGUELY, L’oeil de verre: la rhétorique de l’autopsie dans le Sidereus Nuncius; Marta SPRANZI-ZUBER, Galileo’s “Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems”: Rhetoric and Dialogue; Sabine VERHULST, “L’insegnator di scienze” dans le “trattato dello stile e del dialogo” de Sforza Pallavicino; Roger ARIEW, Descartes’s Fable and Scientific Methodology; Francis GOYET, La disposition de l’épichérème: un exemple chez Descartes (Discours de la méthode II, 1-4); Dominique DESCOTES, Aspects littéraires de la Géometrie de Descartes; Lyndia ROVEDA, Des épines aux fleurs des mathématiques: l’enseignement des sciences chez Bernard Lamy; James MC GUIRE, The Rhetoric of Sprat’s Defense of the Royal Society; Jean-Charles DARMON, Epicurisme et rhétorique au temps de la ‘Révolution scientifique’: remamrques sur le cas Gassendi; Benoît TIMMERMANS, La similitude des figures chez Leibniz: entre géométrie et rhétorique.

R.J. Hankinson, “Galen and the best of all possible worlds,” Classical Quarterly 39 (1989): 206-227

Donna Haraway, Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science (New York: Routledge, 1989)

Gary Hatfield, The Natural and the Normative. Theories of Spatial Perception from Kant to Helmholtz (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990)

__________ "Psychology as a Natural Science in the Eighteenth Century," Revue de Synthèse, 115 (1994), 375-391

Timo Kaitaro, Diderot’s Holism. Philosophical Anti-Reductionism and its Medical Background (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1997)

__________ “‘Man is an admirable machine’ – a dangerous idea ?” In M. Saad, ed., Mécanisme et vitalisme, special issue of La lettre de la Maison française d’Oxford 14 (2001): 105-121

Alexandre Koyré, “Galileo and the Scientific Revolution of the 17^th Century,” Philosophical Review 52: 4 (1943), pp. 333-348; reprinted in Metaphysics and Measurement (London: Chapman and Hall, 1968)

Alexandre Koyré, From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1957)

Thomas S. Kuhn, “Mathematical vs. Experimental Traditions in the Development of Physical Science,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 7:1 (1976), reprinted in In The Essential Tension, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977)

Shigehisa Kuriyama, The Expressiveness of the Body and the Divergence of Greek and Chinese Medicine (New York: Zone Books, 1999)

James Lennox, "The Comparative Study of Animal Development: William Harvey's Aristotelianism." In Justin Smith, ed., The Problem of Animal Generation in Modern Philosophy, pp. 21-46 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006)

Christoph Lüthy, W. Newman et al., eds. Late Medieval and Early Modern Corpuscular Matter Theories (Leiden: Brill, 2001)

Raymond Martin & John Barresi, The Naturalization of the Soul: Self and Personal Identity in the 18^th Century (London: Routledge, 2000)

Carla Mazzio, “The Senses Divided: Organs, Objects and Media in Early Modern England.” In The Empire of the Senses, ed. D. Howes, 85-105 (Oxford: Berg, 2005)

Carolyn Merchant, The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology and the Scientific Revolution (New York: HarperCollins, 1980)

Annemarie Mol, The Body Multiple: Ontology In Medical Practice (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002)

Vivian Nutton, Ancient Medicine (London: Routledge, 2004)

Sidney Ochs, A History of Nerve Functions: From Animal Spirits to Molecular Mechanisms (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004)

Walter Pagel, William Harvey's Biological Ideas (Basel: Karger, 1967)

Mary Poovey, A History of the Modern Fact: Problems of Knowledge in the Sciences of Wealth and Society (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998)

Tim Reiss, “Denying the Body? Memory and the Dilemmas of History in Descartes.” Journal of the History of Ideas 57(4) (1996): 587-607

Roselyne Rey, The history of pain, trans. Louise Elliott Wallace, J.A. Cadden, and S.W. Cadden (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995)

Robert Richards, The Romantic Conception of Life: Science and Philosophy in the Age of Goethe (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002)

Lissa Roberts, “The Death of the Sensuous Chemist: The ‘New’ Chemistry and the Transformation of Sensuous Technology,” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 26 (1995): 503–529

Lissa Roberts, S. Schaffer & P. Dear. The Mindful Hand: Inquiry and Invention From the Late Renaissance to Early Industrialisation (Amsterdam: Koninkliijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, 2007)

Kenneth F. Schaffner, Discovery and Explanation in Biology and Medicine (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994)

Joseph Schiller, La notion d’organisation dans l’histoire de la biologie (Paris: Maloine, 1978)

Charles B. Schmitt, “Experience and Experiment: A Comparison of Zabarella’s View with Galileo’s in De motu,” Studies in the Renaissance 16 (1969), 80-138; reprinted in Schmitt, Studies in Renaissance Philosophy and Science (1981).

__________“Aristotle among physicians,” in A. Wear, R.K. French and I. M. Lonie (Eds.), The medical renaissance of the sixteenth century, pp. 1-15 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985).

J. A. Schuster & A. B. H. Taylor, “Blind trust: The gentlemanly origins of experimental science’,” Social Studies of Science 27 (1997): 503-536.

Steven Shapin, The Scientific Revolution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996)

Pamela H. Smith, “Art, science, and visual culture in early modern Europe,” Isis 97 (2006): 83-100.

John Sutton, Philosophy and Memory Traces: Descartes to Connectionism. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998)

__________“Spongy Brains and Material Memories.” In Embodiment and Environment in Early Modern England, eds. M. Floyd-Wilson & G. Sullivan, 14-34 (London: Palgrave, 2007)

__________ “Carelessness and Inattention: Mind-Wandering and the Physiology of Fantasy from Locke to Hume.” In The Body as Object and Instrument of Knowledge: Embodied Empiricism in Early Modern Science, eds. C.T. Wolfe and O. Gal, 243-263 (Dordrecht: Springer, 2010)

Owsei Temkin, “The Scientific Approach to Disease: Specific Entity and Individual Sickness,” in A.C. Crombie, ed., Scientific Change (London, 1963); reprinted in Temkin, The Double Face of Janus and Other Essays in the History of Medicine (Baltimore, 1977).

Ann Thomson, Bodies of Thought: Science, Religion, and the Soul in the Early Enlightenment (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)

Richard Westfall, The Construction of Modern Science (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977)

Harry Whitaker, C. U. M. Smith and Stanley Finger, eds., Brain, Mind, and Medicine: Essays in Eighteenth-Century Neuroscience (Springer Science, 2007)

Catherine Wilson, The Invisible World. Early Modern Philosophy and the Invention of the Microscope. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995).

Charles T. Wolfe (2007). “Determinism/Spinozism in the Radical Enlightenment: the cases of Anthony Collins and Denis Diderot.” In Boundaries in the Eighteenth Century, eds. P. Ihalainen et al., International Review of Eighteenth-Century Studies (IRECS) 1: 37-51

__________ (2009). “A happiness fit for organic bodies: La Mettrie’s medical Epicureanism.” In Epicurus in the Enlightenment, eds. N. Leddy & A. Lifschitz, 69-83. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation.

__________ (2011). “Why was there no controversy over Life in the Scientific Revolution?”. In Controversies in the Scientific Revolution, eds. V. Boantza & M. Dascal. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Charles T. Wolfe & Ofer Gal, eds. (2010). The Body as Object and Instrument of Knowledge. Embodied Empiricism in Early Modern Science. Dordrecht: Springer, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science.

J.P. Wright & P. Potter, eds., Psyche and Soma. Physicians and Metaphysicians on the Mind-Body Problem from Antiquity to the Enlightenment (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000)

Iris M. Young. On Female Body Experience: 'Throwing Like a Girl' and Other Essays (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)

Some reference works

Peter Dear, ed., The scientific enterprise in early modern Europe: Readings from “Isis” (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997) (many of these readings are available online from JSTOR)

Daniel Garber and Michael Ayers, eds. Cambridge History of 17^th-Century Philosophy, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003)

David Lindberg and Ronald Numbers, eds. The Cambridge History of Science, vol. 3: Early Modern Science, eds. K. Park & L. Daston (CUP 2006)

Robert C. Olby et al., eds. Companion to the History of Modern Science (London: Routledge, 1990)

Oggetto:

Note

Italiano
English

IL CORSO NON SARÀ TENUTO DAL PROF. PASINI. È STATO INSERITO NEL PROGRAMMA TRAIN TO MOVE E SARÀ TENUTO DA UN VISITING PROFESSOR (PROF. CHARLES T. WOLFE) NEL I SEMESTRE. IL PROGRAMMA È PUBBLICATO NELLA SEZIONE INGLESE.

Oggetto: