- Oggetto:
- Oggetto:
Epistemology
- Oggetto:
Epistemology
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Anno accademico 2024/2025
- Codice attività didattica
- FIL0175
- Docenti
- Matteo Plebani (Titolare del corso)
Lorenzo Rossi (Titolare del corso) - Corso di studio
- laurea magistrale in Filosofia
Philosophy International Curriculum M.A. - Anno
- 1° anno, 2° anno
- Periodo
- Primo semestre
- Tipologia
- Caratterizzante - Ambito: Istituzioni di filosofia
- Crediti/Valenza
- 6
- SSD attività didattica
- M-FIL/02 - logica e filosofia della scienza
- Erogazione
- Tradizionale
- Lingua
- Inglese
- Frequenza
- Obbligatoria
- Tipologia esame
- Scritto
- Prerequisiti
-
Familiarity with first-order logic (in particular, logical consequence relation and derivability).
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Sommario insegnamento
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Obiettivi formativi
This course focuses on formal theories of truth and paradoxes. The aim of the course is to enable all students to think rigorously about the fundamental features of the notion of truth and semantic paradoxes, and to present their own views clearly and systematically.
The aim of the course is in line with the overall learning objectives of the MA program in Philosophy and the Philosophy International Curriculum to train the students' argumentative skills and their power of philosophical and logical analysis and to make them acquainted with a variety of philosophical disciplines.
See the English text.
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Risultati dell'apprendimento attesi
By the end of this course, students are expected to be able to: (i) show a clear understanding of the contemporary debate in theories of truth, in both their formal and philosophical aspects;
(ii) articulate the relative merits and defects of the main theories of truth and paradox, across a wide range of logical frameworks (knowledge and understanding);
(iii) develop in a sustained manner their own criticisms of some of these ideas and arguments, and initiate original lines of thought (applying knowledge and understanding; making judgments);
(iv) show a deep understanding of the connections between theories of truth and other areas of philosophy (notably logic, the philosophy of mathematics, and the philosophy of language)(knowledge and understanding);
(v) have deepened their ability to make complex ideas understandable in both speaking and writing(communication skills).
See the English text.
- Oggetto:
Programma
Let L be the sentence ''L' is not true'. Liar sentences such as L show that the following natural conditions cannot simultaneously be satisfied: (i) our language has the resources to define self-referential sentences such as L itself, (ii) every sentence A of our language can be named (more precisely: for every sentence A there is a term 'A' that denotes A), (iii) classical logic holds, and (iv) truth is naïve, in the minimal sense that A and ''A' is true' are interderivable:
To see this, suppose L is true. We can then infer L itself. But since L says that L isn’t true, we have a contradiction; that is, we must negate and discharge our initial assumption and conclude that L is not true. However, this conclusion is L itself, whence, L is true. In short, L is both true and not true: again, a contradiction. Since in classical logic every sentence follows from a contradiction, the above argument is a recipe for triviality. This is the Liar Paradox.
The paradox is but an example of a general disease afflicting key semantic and modal notions such as satisfaction, denotation, knowledge, necessity, validity, and more. As far as truth is concerned, the disease is easily contracted: natural languages such as English seemingly satisfy conditions (i)-(iv). But then, it seemingly follows, theories couched in natural languages such as English are inconsistent, or indeed trivial. This shocking conclusion not only defies belief, but has also serious theoretical consequences. According to contemporary philosophy of language, and empirical semantics, the content of sentences is identified with truth-conditions. That is, semantic orthodoxy has it that the concept of truth provides the key for understanding the relationship between linguistic expressions and what they stand for. Thus, it is not an exaggeration to say that the semantic paradoxes threaten to undermine the project of providing a systematic explanation of the workings of our language, and of representation more generally. How to solve the problem, and can it be solved?
Part 1: Background on formal truth and semantic paradoxes.
Part 2: What is a solution to the semantic paradoxes? Adequacy requirements.
Part 3: Classical theories of truth and paradox
Part 4: Non-classical theories of truth and paradox
Part 5: Revenge paradoxes
Part 6: An unorthodox approach to semantic paradoxes
See the English text.
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Modalità di insegnamento
Frontal instruction.
Active participation is required for passing the course.
See the English text.
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Modalità di verifica dell'apprendimento
The exam will consist of an oral interview, where students will present an argument discussed during the course. Students will have to prepare a detailed written outline of the argumentative structure of their presentation. Instructions about preparing such an outline will be given during the course and will be available on Moodle. During the interview, the lecturers will ask questions to test the student's knowledge of the study material and to evaluate their ability to develop cogent arguments.
The final grade will be given on a 30-points scale.
See the English text.
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Attività di supporto
Students with special needs should contact the teacher at the beginning of the course.
Non-attending students are kindly requested to consult the instructions available on the Moodle website
Students with special needs (disabilities, learning difficulties) should consult the following web pages: support for students with special needs (https://www.unito.it/servizi/
lo-studio/studenti-con- disabilitaopen_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new), more on that (https://www.unito.it/ accoglienza-studenti-con- disabilita-e-dsaopen_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new); information about the exam procedures (https://www.unito.it/servizi/ lo-studio/studenti-e- studentesse-con-disabilita/ supporto-studenti-e- studentesse-con).open_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new See the English text.
Testi consigliati e bibliografia
- Oggetto:
- Libro
- Titolo:
- Vagueness: A Global Approach
- Anno pubblicazione:
- 2020
- Editore:
- Oxford University Press
- Autore:
- Kit Fine
- ISBN
- Capitoli:
- 1-2
- Obbligatorio:
- Si
- Oggetto:
Julien Murzi and Lorenzo Rossi (monograph under contract with OUP), Truth and Paradox in Context. 5 Chapters of the book will constitute the main part of the course's program.They will be made available to registered students before the course starts.
The first two Chapters of Kit Fine's book listed above are required reading for part 6 of the course.
A syllabus with a more detailed course schedule and the course bibliography will be made available to registered students some weeks before the course starts.
See the English text.
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Note
The course will last 36 hours.
Students are kindly invited to enroll on Campusnet.
Students are kindly requested to consult the instructions available on the Moodle website
Students with special needs (disabilities, learning difficulties) should consult the following web pages: support for students with special needs (https://www.unito.it/servizi/
lo-studio/studenti-con- disabilitaopen_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new), more on that (https://www.unito.it/ accoglienza-studenti-con- disabilita-e-dsaopen_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new); information about the exam procedures (https://www.unito.it/servizi/ lo-studio/studenti-e- studentesse-con-disabilita/ supporto-studenti-e- studentesse-con).open_in_newopen_in_newopen_in_new - Registrazione
- Aperta
- Apertura registrazione
- 01/09/2024 alle ore 00:00
- Chiusura registrazione
- 30/06/2025 alle ore 00:00
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